This paper discusses the role of the classroom teacher under an accountability program, and raises questions about the extent to which teachers can be held accountable in different areas of school programs. The author defines issues raised at the ACT national study conference on accountability in education, and enumerates responsibilities of teachers in subject matter knowledge, pupil development, and curriculum selection. The author concludes that teachers, through their professional associations, should become more involved in decisionmaking on performance contracts. Related documents are EA 003 347, EA 003 356, EA 003 358, EA 003 387, and EA 003 391. (JF)