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Direct linkSchoenfeld, Alan H. – ZDM: The International Journal on Mathematics Education, 2018
This paper provides an overview of the teaching for robust understanding (TRU) Framework, its origins, and its evolving use. The core assertion underlying the TRU Framework is that there are five dimensions of activities along which a classroom must do well, if students are to emerge from that classroom being knowledgeable and resourceful…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Comprehension, Mathematics Instruction, Instructional Effectiveness
Schoenfeld, Alan H. – ZDM: The International Journal on Mathematics Education, 2016
This article begins with a series of meta-level comments on the enterprise of observing and theorizing classroom teaching, using as a springboard a frequently discussed model from the literature. It then provides a series of commentaries on the empirical articles in this issue (volume 48, issue 1) of "ZDM," with a main focus on…
Descriptors: Teaching (Occupation), Models, Research Methodology, Classroom Observation Techniques
