This paper describes the Adolescent Mood Project (Project AMP), a study transporting an evidence-based, cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) for adolescent depression from the university lab setting to a school-based setting. Extant research on the psychosocial treatment of adolescent depression is reviewed and rationale for transporting evidence based treatments to the school-setting is provided. Project AMP is described, with attention paid to the modifications and adaptations necessary for the transportation of a cognitive-behavioral treatment to the school setting. Project AMP is a hybrid of efficacy and effectiveness research since the treatment is delivered by research therapists within the school setting. This paper describes issues that emerge as steps are taken to transport evidence-based therapies to the school setting. In addition, we outline the obstacles and barriers encountered in school-based treatment research and provide recommendations to overcome these challenges. Finally, we discuss preliminary results of Project AMP and provide suggestions for future directions of school-based treatment research.