This four-volume anthology is comprised of numerous drafts, papers, and reports written by professional staff and consultants of the Hudson Institute. The many chapters are not considered to offer any solutions but to have raised many problems, sorted out and elucidated issues, often in new ways, and suggested recommendations. The present collection, Volume 1, addresses: American poverty problems and policies of the past, present, and future; the philosophical and historical perceptions of poverty, income, and income redistribution; the measurement and reduction of poverty; and, the workability of some income redistribution programs. Listings under the section on problems include theoretical, historical, and pragmatical considerations, with the section on perceptions and policies including topics such as welfare, poverty standards, metropolitan variations in poverty incidence, and definitions, change, continuity, and the future in the measurement and reducation of poverty. Income tax and income redistribution topics include the meaning of the income tax, federal income distribution policy in the 1970's, the "negative income tax", social security expenditures, and general revenue sharing and the administration of federal grants-in-aid. (Author/AM)