Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyse and summarise the Australian research on the impact of vocational education and training (VET) on transitions to work for young people aged 15 to 24 years. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology involved the compilation of statistics on VET participation by young people and a review of research on the topic of young people and the longer-term impact of VET on transitions into work. Research included in the review was restricted to Australian research published during or after 2005. Findings: The findings suggest that young people who participate in VET experience better employment outcomes compared to young people who do not participate in post-school education and training. However, the smoothness of the transition into work varies for young people who participate in VET programs. Programs linked to the workplace provide the most rapid and successful transitions while other VET programs, such as certificate I and II courses, often require further study at a higher level in order for students to achieve their desired job. The paper also shows that school VET programs have a particularly positive effect on transitions into work for early school leavers. Originality/value: The paper consolidates the knowledge on how VET assists young people's transitions into work. By focusing on longitudinal research, the paper enhances the understanding of the longer-term impact of VET for young people. (Contains 1 table, 3 figures and 3 notes.)