The role of art therapy is considered in working with such high risk groups as the institutionalized, mentally retarded, elderly, visually impaired, physically handicapped, asthmatic, hyper- and hypo-active children, hearing impaired, and patients on mind altering drugs. The special risks of infectious diseases (such as serum hepatitis), and contact with art chemicals (and possible interaction with medication) are discussed. Guidelines for choosing safe art materials focus on knowing the students/patients (including their physical and psychological needs) and understanding the attributes of a safe art material (such as non allergenic or nontoxic ingredients and safe procedures). The author suggests that the art-as-project approach may need to be reexamined in light of safety considerations. (CL)