This paper describes the development and use of the Casey-Monahan Screening Instrument, designed to assess kindergarten readiness. The instrument consisted of various tests and evaluation procedures chosen from previously published tests. The instrument was designed to measure ability in five areas: (1) motor integration and motor development, (2) visual-motor coordination, (3) auditory discrimination and perception, (4) visual motility and eye dominance, and (5) social and intellectual development. Subjects for the field test of the instrument were 350 prekindergarten children from five schools in a middle class urban California school district. Raw scores on the screening instrument were compared to raw scores on both the Metropolitan Readiness Test and the Test of Basic Abilities. Significant positive correlations between these scores were obtained. Scores on the screening instrument were also similar to teacher judgments of the children obtained after three and one half months of school. In addition to a description of the use of the screening instrument, the paper includes a review of the literature on readiness and readiness evaluation. (BD)