The study examined correlates of self-esteem in 54 adolescents and young adults (ages 12-22) with spina bifida. Core issues identified were the relationships of global self-esteem and perceived competencies in specific areas, perceptions of control, and identification with the physically handicapped. Relationships of self-esteem to age, gender, and school placement were also explored. Self-esteem was measured by both self-report rating scales and behavioral ratings by teachers and parents. An introductory chapter discusses theories on self-esteem and reviews related research. Among reported results are the following: (1) Adolescents with spina bifida, like nondisabled adolescents, rated their own self-worth in congruence with the cultural norms for their gender. (2) Ratings of physical competence and appearance correlated with a self-report measure of self-esteem, but not with parental observations. (3) Self-ratings of competence were related to self-esteem, while teacher rating were not. (4) There was no corrleation between positive attitudes toward the disabled and self-esteem. (5) Older adolescents perceived significantly less internal control over events than did younger ones. In general, there were some gender differences in the correlates of self-esteem. The findings of the study were inconclusive about trends in self-esteem. References and seven tables are provided. (JW)