This book is the third report of the Committee on Techniques for the Enhancement of Human Performance. Based on hundreds of research studies of learning and human performance as reported in the literature, the book consists of 11 chapters organized in five parts. The two chapters of the first part provide the background and summary of the committee's study. The first chapter describes the topics undertaken in this third phase of the study and the relationships between these topics and earlier work done by the committee. Chapter 2 summarizes key findings and conclusions for each chapter. The second part of the book considers a number of issues related to individual training. Chapter 3 focuses on the extent to which training should be provided in a situation similar to which performance occurs; chapter 4 addresses the illusions of comprehension that occur when people do not understand the reasons for the "right" answers to problems. The three chapters of part 3 consider learning and performing in teams. in chapter 5, research on cooperative learning, especially for adults, is reviewed. Chapters 6 and 7 focus on team performance and team training. In the fourth part, the implications of a person's emotional state for performance are discussed. In chapter 8, studies on achievement motivation, career development, health and exercise behavior, anxiety disorders, and sport and motor performance are discussed, with a concentration on perceptions of self-confidence. The following chapter focuses primarily on hypnosis, with side studies on restricted environmental stimulation and meditation and sleep learning. The last part of the book presents findings from two relatively new fields in the area of human performance. Chapter 10 considers socially induced affect, and thought suppression is the topic of the final chapter. Contains 1,190 references. (KC)