This article attempts an analysis of the problems involved in creating a course in English as a second language for adult beginners. Various learning theories and linguistic theories are discussed, which should be taken into consideration in choosing a teaching method. In addition, care must be taken to distinguish among the four language skills and to decide which will assume priority. Criteria must also be chosen for teaching grammar and vocabulary. These criteria are discussed in terms of a course, developed at the University of Nancy, which emphasizes oral comprehension and grammar. (AM)