For decades, Canada has relied on migrant workers to help develop the economy. Many come to Canada through the Federal government's Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP). The original intent of this program was to fill very specific jobs on a short term basis--jobs that required specific workers and skills not available in Canada. In the last decade, however, the Federal government has made it much easier for more employers to use the program to fill longer-term vacancies. This briefing note provides highlights of some changes that took effect in 2014 and 2015: (1) reforms to include not only advertisement requirements, but the obligation of employers to provide more information in order to conduct a Labour Market Impact Assessment; (2) requiring employers to undertake additional recruitment activities, including reaching out to organizations serving groups traditionally underrepresented in the workforce (e.g. new immigrants, Aboriginal people, youth, Canadians with disabilities) to fill available jobs; and (3) college and university administrations must submit a transition plan to Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC) showing that they had advertised vacancies in Canada, and are also taking measures to reduce their reliance on temporary foreign workers over time. In addition, college and university administrations must submit plans that show they are developing the current workforce and investing in the professional development of their academic staff.