In 1959, Brigadier General Donald Flickinger and Dr. W. Randolph Lovelace II suggested that it would be more practical from an engineering standpoint to send women rather than men into space due to their lower body weights and oxygen requirements. When the Air Force decided not to pursue this project, Dr. Lovelace assumed leadership of the Woman…

Background: In educational policies, two discourses on gender have existed since the 1980s. I call them the "gender equality discourse" and the "boy discourse". The gender equality discourse in education is based on international and national declarations and plans, and is focused predominantly on the position of girls and…

"Did you have a kid and, if so, how?" is one of the hottest questions everywhere in higher education. Even as women overtake men among Americans receiving doctorates, a substantial body of new research shows that they are being discouraged from careers in academia because the timing and requirements of tenure make it so hard to raise families. In…

Describes the organization and implementation of a women's studies conference. Discusses fund raising, identifying speakers, developing publicity, local arrangement efforts, and providing hospitality. Includes nine recommendations and a suggested conference timeline. (CFR)

Historical data were examined to observe the relationship between anti-smoking publicity, growth in cigarette advertisers' appeal to women, and change in proportion of women smokers. These relationships provide insight as to what interventions might be successful in reducing the growing number of women smokers. (Author/DF)

Based on an analysis of oral history interviews, this paper examines the events and consciousness surrounding a 1979 strike initiated by 53 female office employees of the Wisconsin Education Association (WEA) Insurance Trust. Faced with sex-discriminatory working conditions, the women at the Trust responded by initiating a strike. For many of the…

"Affirmative action" studies have reached a point which has produced for academic women a "crisis" or "turning point" in their professional lives. The problem is clearly evident, but remedial action has been very slow in development. Data on salary, rank, tenure, status, and policy-making powers illustrate few changes from previous discriminatory…

Almost 20 years ago, the author wrote--and then privately published--the two "Lake Woebegone" reports, named after Garrison Keillor's mythical Minnesota town where "all the women are strong, all the men are good-looking, and all the children are above average." The first "Lake Woebegone" report documented that all 50 states were testing above the…

This document details the development of a Science and Technology Roadshow for girls, that moves from city to city, region to region, carrying the message to girls about opportunities for them in scientific and technical careers. The objectives of the roadshow were twofold: (1) to show women and girls that they could succeed in many more areas of…

Designed to help organizations interested in expanding job options for women to plan and hold a community-based conference on nontraditional jobs, this guide outlines basic steps in planning, provides information about successful programs, and makes suggestions about how to deal with the mechanics of a conference. Following an introduction which…

The successful women's sports publicist communicates the legitimacy of women's intercollegiate athletics to the media and to the public. Because the field of women's sports has not had the amount of media exposure compared to that of professional sports, collegiate men's revenue sports, and high school sports, the women's sports publicist must…

To increase the enrollment of women in trade programs by 10%, one community college designed a model for and held a one-day exposition fair to acquaint students and staff with nontraditional vocational programs for women. The replicable model, prepared as a guide for others planning similar career fairs, consists of eight major steps, relevant…

The increasing popularity of vocational education has helped to prepare both men and women in learning the skills of different trades. However, women's position in learning better trade skills has been hindered by institutional barriers in vocational education training for technical jobs, the trades, and industry. Few studies have been made…

This book offers helpful suggestions for fostering community involvement in career awareness and advocacy issues related to young girls and women. Direct service projects are addressed as well as advocacy projects involving schools and the communities in providing wider opportunities for young women. Recent research data is presented relating to…

Step-by-step guidelines to help educators and community groups implement a National Women's History Week essay contest, in which elementary and secondary students write about women, are provided. Students are encouraged to write about a woman they personally know so that they can conduct an oral history interview. An alternate approach would be to…