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ERIC Number: EJ952274
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2009-Sep
Pages: 7
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0094-1956
EISSN: N/A
Design Principles of Worked Examples: A Review of the Empirical Studies
Shen, Chun-Yi; Tsai, Hui-Chun
Journal of Instructional Psychology, v36 n3 p238-244 Sep 2009
Many researchers investigated the efficacy of using worked examples in classroom instruction and provided evidence in the effectiveness of worked example instruction in mathematics, computer programming, physics, and etc. However, there are limited studies in worked example design. The purpose of this study is to generate the instructional design principles of worked examples. After reviewing the empirical studies dealing with worked example in the last two decades, eight principles are identified in this study, (a) imagination principle, (b) completion principle, (c) fading principle, (d) process principle, (e) presentation principle, (f) media principle, and (g) timing principle, (h) self-explanation principle. Future research suggestions are also provided.
Project Innovation, Inc. P.O. Box 8508 Spring Hill Station, Mobile, AL 36689-0508. Tel: 251-343-1878; Fax: 251-343-1878; Web site: http://www.projectinnovation.biz/jip.html
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Evaluative
Education Level: Elementary Secondary Education; Higher Education; Postsecondary Education
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A