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Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
ERIC Number: EJ708794
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2004-Dec-1
Pages: 11
Abstractor: ERIC
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0146-3934
EISSN: N/A
Self Efficacy, Alcohol Expectancy and Problem-Solving Appraisal as Predictors of Alcohol Use in College Students
Biscaro, Michael; Broer, Karen; Taylor, Nancy
College Student Journal, v38 n4 p541 Dec 2004
Alcohol use and abuse are cause for concern because the educational process and quality of campus student life are disrupted. Abusive drinking can have serious consequences on all areas of college life, including economic, health, social and educational. Heavy alcohol use may result in personal injury, drunk driving, alcohol overdose, unplanned sexual activity, decreased academic performance, legal problems and financial costs. Data on alcohol use and consequences of abuse also provide important information to college administration and counselors. Broer (1996) suggested that alcohol research and psychological theory help in understanding the complexity of variables related to alcohol use and abuse. Variables that have emerged are family demographics, individual differences, biological factors, efficacy beliefs, expectancies, environment and coping ability. The primary purpose of this study is to update the findings of Broer (1996) and re-examine the importance of self-efficacy, problem solving appraisal, and alcohol expectancy as predictors for the number of drinks and number of binge episodes in a college sample. Based on the results of Broer (1996) it was hypothesized that each of the variables as well as gender would predict the number of drinks and binge. Participants included 79 students (40 males and 39 females, mean age of 19.0 years) from a private coeducational Midwestern university of approximately 4500 students. Students volunteered to take part for fulfillment of an introductory psychology course requirement. Participants received a number-coded envelope containing the four assessment tools: (1) Core Alcohol and Drug Survey; (2) Self-Efficacy Scale; (3) Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire; and (4) Problem Solving Inventory. Results from the current study on the outcome measures of alcohol use were compared to results in the Broer study. Gender differences were evident. Findings in both studies confirmed that males consumed more drinks per week and binged more frequently than females. The average number of weekly drinks for males in this sample was 18.4, higher than the 10.41 reported by Broer (1996). Some 75% of males and 31.2% of females in the present sample reported frequent binge drinking compared to 33% of males and 16% of females in Broer (1996). This fact may suggest that in the current sample the younger students are consuming alcohol in greater quantity. The increase in drinking warrants exploration with students to help them determine the discrepancy between their behaviors and their hopes for the future. (Provides 3 tables)
Project Innovation, Inc., P.O. Box 8508, Spring Hill Station, Mobile, AL 36689-0508. Web site: http://journals825.home.mindspring.com/csj/html.
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education
Audience: Students
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A