In "Teacher Incentives in Developing Countries: Experimental Evidence from Kenya"--a paper presented at the National Center on Performance Incentives research to policy conference in February--Paul Glewwe (University of Minnesota), Nauman Illias (The Brattle Group), and Michael Kremer (Harvard University) review findings from recent research in Kenya on the impact of teacher incentives on teacher behavior and student achievement. Based on a randomized trial including teachers in Grades 4-8 in 100 rural schools in Kenya, the authors suggest that there is some evidence incentives impact student test scores. Students whose teachers were eligible for incentives had higher scores on the high-stakes exams; however, test scores on exams not linked to incentives did not increase significantly. Additionally, the test score advantage in treatment schools disappeared after the incentive pay program ended. [This research brief describes work published by the National Center on Performance Incentives in "Teacher Incentives in Developing Countries: Experimental Evidence from Kenya" by Paul Glewwe, Nauman Illias, and Michael Kremer, Working Paper 2008-09.]