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Crane, Laura; Pring, Linda; Jukes, Kaylee; Goddard, Lorna – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
Two studies are presented that explored the effects of experimental manipulations on the quality and accessibility of autobiographical memories in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), relative to a typical comparison group matched for age, gender and IQ. Both studies found that the adults with ASD generated fewer specific memories than the…
Descriptors: Memory, Autism, Experimental Psychology, Autobiographies
Schmidt-Barad, Tomer; Asheri, Shlomit; Margalit, Malka – European Journal of Special Needs Education, 2023
Research has already demonstrated the impact of positive and negative social interactions on one's self-efficacy. In particular, empowering or degrading messages from school teachers may have a significant long-term effect on students' self- efficacy. This is especially pertinent to students with ADHD symptoms, since they face increased challenges…
Descriptors: Memory, Self Efficacy, Adults, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Peer reviewed
Nissen, Mary Jo; Bullemer, Peter – Cognitive Psychology, 1987
Four experiments investigated the attentional requirements of learning as assessed by a serial reaction time task. The effects of a dual-task condition, plus the responses of memory disorder patients, were also investigated. The relationship between learning and awareness, preserved learning in amnesia, and the separateness of memory systems are…
Descriptors: Attention, Higher Education, Learning Processes, Memory
Andersen, Per N.; Egeland, Jens; Øie, Merete – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2013
There are relatively few studies on learning and delayed memory with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The objective of the present study was to examine acquisition, free delayed memory, and recognition skills in medication naive children and adolescents aged 8-16 years with ADHD combined subtype (36 participants) and inattentive…
Descriptors: Learning Problems, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Memory, Neurological Impairments
Peer reviewed
Fernandez, Alberto Luis; Scheffel, Debora L. – International Journal of Testing, 2003
Evaluated the criterion validity of the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (S. Mattis, 1988) with a concurrent study to obtain a cut-off score for an Argentinean population by administering a battery of tests to 60 memory disorder patients. Findings demonstrate high convergent validity with another measure and show an appropriate cut score for use with…
Descriptors: Adults, Cognitive Tests, Cutting Scores, Dementia
Luoni, Chiara; Scorza, Maristella; Stefanelli, Silvia; Fagiolini, Barbara; Termine, Cristiano – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2023
Developmental dyscalculia (DD) has long been thought to be determined by multiple components. Dyscalculia has high comorbidity with other learning and developmental disabilities, including reading and writing disorders, attention deficits, and problems in visual/spatial skills, short memory, and working memory. This study aims to assess prevalence…
Descriptors: Developmental Delays, Learning Disabilities, Mathematics Skills, Comorbidity
Pitts, Barbara L.; Eisenberg, Michelle L.; Bailey, Heather R.; Zacks, Jeffrey M. – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2023
People with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often report difficulty remembering information in their everyday lives. Recent findings suggest that such difficulties may be due to PTSD-related deficits in parsing ongoing activity into discrete events, a process called "event segmentation." Here, we investigated the causal…
Descriptors: Informed Consent, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Memory, Cues
Soltani, Amanallah; Schworer, Emily K.; Esbensen, Anna J. – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2023
People with Down syndrome (DS) commonly experience challenges with sleep, executive functioning, everyday memory, and symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A path analysis was conducted to determine if executive function mediated the relationship between sleep problems and both everyday memory and ADHD symptoms. Parents of…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Sleep, Executive Function, Memory
Baltruschat, Lisa; Hasselhorn, Marcus; Tarbox, Jonathan; Dixon, Dennis R.; Najdowski, Adel; Mullins, Ryan David; Gould, Evelyn – Psychological Record, 2012
This study is part of a programmatic line of research into the use of basic positive reinforcement procedures for improving working memory in children with autism spectrum disorders. The authors evaluated the effects of multiple exemplar training, utilizing positive reinforcement, on performance of a "digit span backwards" task--a test of working…
Descriptors: Autism, Stimuli, Short Term Memory, Positive Reinforcement
Brandon LeBeau; Megan Foley-Nicpon; Alissa F. Doobay; Katherine Schabilion; Christopher L. Smith; Amanda J. Berns; Susan G. Assouline – Roeper Review, 2024
How mental health disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) manifest in high ability youth has received little empirical attention, and differentiating OCD from other diagnoses like autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be challenging. The purpose of this study was to examine clinical profiles among OCD, ASD, or no diagnosis for those of…
Descriptors: Psychological Patterns, Cognitive Ability, Anxiety Disorders, Mental Health
Johnson, Donald H.; Johnson, Leah J. – 1978
The booklet discusses research on characteristics and remediation approaches for children with learning disabilities (LD). Initial sections consider definitions, prevalence and causes of LD, while a fourth chapter reviews such LD characteristics as attention disorders, visual-perceptual difficulties, and memory disorders. Also considered are…
Descriptors: Educational Methods, Elementary Secondary Education, Etiology, Incidence
O'Dell, Thomas J.; Connor, Steven A.; Guglietta, Ryan; Nguyen, Peter V. – Learning & Memory, 2015
Encoding new information in the brain requires changes in synaptic strength. Neuromodulatory transmitters can facilitate synaptic plasticity by modifying the actions and expression of specific signaling cascades, transmitter receptors and their associated signaling complexes, genes, and effector proteins. One critical neuromodulator in the…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Brain, Neurological Organization, Animals
Edmunds, Sarah R.; Colman, Carly; Vidal, Paige; Faja, Susan – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2022
Deficits in working memory have not been fully explored in toddlers and preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We investigated the relationship between language (verbal ability, verbal self-talk) and visuospatial working memory in 2- and 4-year-olds with ASD (n = 65) and typical development (TD) (n = 54). Children with ASD displayed…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Short Term Memory, Neurological Impairments, Toddlers
Crane, Laura; Goddard, Lorna; Pring, Linda – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2010
Autobiographical memory impairments in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have been attributed to a failure in using the self as an effective memory organisational system. To explore this hypothesis, we compared self-defining and everyday memories in adults with and without ASD. Results demonstrated that both groups were able to distinguish between…
Descriptors: Autism, Memory, Adults, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Jackson, Emily; Leitão, Suze; Claessen, Mary; Boyes, Mark – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2020
Purpose: Previous research into the working, declarative, and procedural memory systems in children with developmental language disorder (DLD) has yielded inconsistent results. The purpose of this research was to profile these memory systems in children with DLD and their typically developing peers. Method: One hundred four 5- to 8-year-old…
Descriptors: Language Impairments, Short Term Memory, Profiles, Visual Perception