This monograph is designed to provide practical classroom suggestions, including sample lesson plans, to show how teachers can improve the problem-solving competence of students at all educational and ability levels. The examples provided show that problem-solving instruction can be integrated with teaching the content of particular topics. While the subjects of science and geography are used as demonstration topics, the techniques outlined can be applied to other subjects. In considering problem situations in a variety of subjects, four types of problems tend to recur. The most common type is the comparative problem, in which students are required to find similarities and differences between two or more entities. Almost as common are decision-making problems, in which students are required to select the best course of action in a complex situation. Less common are correlational problems, in which students try to find a statistical relationship between two or more variables which they cannot physically manipulate. Relatively rare (in subjects other than science) are experimental problems in which a causal relationship is established between two or more variables by physically manipulating the variables. The characteristics of each of these types of problems are described and illustrated and problem-solving skills each requires are discussed. Explicit lesson plans outline step-by-step techniques for solving problems in each category. A chapter is devoted to a discussion of testing problem-solving results--criteria for judging the adequacy of testing devices, methods of testing, and grading solutions. A discussion is included on field testing exemplary courses in problem-solving techniques. (JD)