We conducted this prospective cohort study to explore the predictability of dyslexia from 1st-grade literacy skills in Italian students. We followed 407 Italian students in primary school from the 1st through the 3rd grades. Students were diagnosed with dyslexia in the 3rd grade. We retrospectively tested participants' 1st-grade performance in phonological awareness, reading, and spelling as predictors through a binary logistic regression analysis. The data confirmed that it was possible to detect dyslexic students from the 1st grade from reading and spelling performance, but phonological awareness was not predictive.