This article reports the findings of a study examining the gender differences in perceived self-determination among Russian young adults. The study was participated in by 1,000 young men and women from fourteen to thirty years of age in the city of Toliatti in April and May 2002. Findings of the study reveal the following: (1) An "uncomfortable aggressive" sense of social well-being is more characteristic of young women; (2) Among the top problems in the lives of young people are dissatisfaction with the level of their current incomes and their material dependency on their parents; (3) The most common options of young people's leisure activity are watching TV and videos, going to a discotheque or bar, and spending time with friends; (4) More men and women value education primarily for it affords the opportunity to acquire real knowledge, to become a professional, to improve one's quality of life," and not just for the sake of the formal attribute of a diploma; and (5) Young men become sexually active earlier; young women prefer more liberal sexual attitudes; and a substantial percentage of young people prefer not to legalize cohabitation. In addition, the findings of the survey confirm a tendency of the 1990s: young people's reorientation from preferences for nonmaterial values to material values.