This article intends to inform physical education teachers about the current research describing the relationship between physical education performance outcomes as identified by the national physical education standards (i.e., regular participation in physical activity, physical fitness, motor competence; National Association of Physical Education and Sport [NASPE], 2004) and cognitive function (i.e., attention, memory, academic achievement). This article presents suggestions for best practice and contains key findings in the research as well as a summary of the research. Presented are implications for teaching physical education. Challenged in addition, are common neuromyths suggested by Dr. Usha Goswami. They include: (1) People either have a left or right brain orientation; (2) Most students have just one learning style, which the teacher should focus on; (3) A commercially produced curriculum can enhance brain function for all learners; (4) An old old dog cannot learn new tricks or in educational terms, certain skills must be taught at a certain time or they will never be learned; and (5) Physical activity will make you smarter.