Many children in preschool need support developing appropriate social-emotional competencies. Supportive early educators build confidence in young children to express and regulate emotions, develop solutions to problems, interact with peers, and persist when faced with challenges (Denham, 2006; Webster-Stratton & Reid, 2004). This article presents systematic monitoring methods (i.e., organized procedures for regularly obtaining individual child-level data) for young children's social emotional competencies and challenging behaviors that can be incorporated into natural daily routines. It begins with a discussion of key points for systematic monitoring. Next, the authors review five systematic monitoring methods appropriate for documenting young children's social-emotional skills and challenging behaviors during daily classroom routines: momentary time sampling, partial-interval sampling, whole interval sampling, duration, and latency. Systematically monitoring social-emotional competencies and challenging behavior through time sampling, duration, and latency data collection promotes better informed intervention decisions.