Head Start monitoring assesses grantee compliance with requirements governing Head Start programs, including those specified in the Head Start Act (original authorizing legislation in 1965 and its subsequent amendments, most recently in 2007), Head Start Program Performance Standards, and other applicable federal, state, and local regulations. Monitoring reviews take several forms. As mandated by Section 641A of the Head Start Act, each Head Start grantee receives a full on-site review immediately after completion of their first year (First-Year review) of providing Head Start services and full on-site reviews on a triennial basis thereafter (Triennial reviews). Each year, the Office of Head Start (OHS) examines the monitoring review system to determine if there are changes that will improve the process. In Fiscal Year (FY) 2011, enhancements were implemented to reflect changes in policy and procedure, to ensure compliance with the Head Start Act (amended December 2007) and the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (enacted February 2009), as well as improve the overall monitoring process. Specific changes included: Enhancing the monitoring protocol and software to better capture information on grantee performance; the inclusion of reviews for grantees who received funding under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA); further integration of the Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS™) instrument into the monitoring process; and expanded implementation of unannounced reviews. Reviews are conducted by a team of reviewers who are knowledgeable about Head Start and led by a Review Team Leader (RTL). To assess grantee compliance, review teams use the OHS Monitoring Protocol, which employs a standardized approach to assess program services and quality. Areas assessed include education, health, mental health, disabilities, nutrition, family and community partnerships, program management, governance, fiscal controls, facilities, and other standards related to enrollment, recruitment and selection, and program design. This report presents a summary of the findings of FY 2011 monitoring reviews and outcomes of Quality Improvement Plans, fulfilling the reporting requirement, Section 641A(f), of the Head Start Act. It highlights the enhancements made to the FY 2011 monitoring review system, summarizes grantee review outcomes, and describes the types of findings most commonly identified in FY 2011.