Inclusive education is a contentious concept with opposing opinions on what constitutes inclusion. This paper examines the concept of inclusive education, focusing on the distinction between inclusion and full inclusion, with a view to contributing to the ongoing discussion about the future direction of the Irish educational system. As a result of…

In this theoretical article we present our hypothesis on the incompatibility of the inclusive education policy toward students with special educational needs with the meritocratic principle of education. If considering and recognizing the needs of these students is necessary to achieve a successful inclusive environment, we propose that this goal…

Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the gap that exists between the federal mandate to educate children with disabilities or special needs in the least restrictive environment, and the practice of inclusion of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) into the general education classroom or interactions with general education…

The purpose of this quantitative correlational-associative study was to examine if and to what extent a relationship existed between collective teacher efficacy and teachers' attitudes toward inclusion in the American Midwest. The sample consisted of 165 K-12 teachers who had accounts with Centiment. Social cognitive theory provided the…

In this reflective piece the author focuses on the meaning that he made of inclusion in a book that was published almost twenty years ago. He then reflects on the meaning he makes of the current situation. He explores the problematic nature of the concept of inclusion, whether labels actually enable inclusion, research-informed implications of…

How could assessment inclusively consider the diversity of students? In higher education, the most common answer is: through individual assessment accommodations. Inclusive assessment design has also been promoted to foster accessibility for all students. However, both of these approaches have largely drawn on the procedural understanding of…

The purpose of this qualitative transcendental phenomenological study was to understand elementary-level general education teachers' attitudes and efficacy regarding teaching students with disabilities in an inclusion classroom environment. Bandura's self-efficacy theory guided this study of teachers' relationships with their attitudes and…

The purpose of this quantitative correlational-predictive study was to assess if and to what extent the Proportion of IEP Students, Years of Teaching Experience, and Grade Level Taught in an inclusion classroom, individually and combined, predict Job Satisfaction among general education teachers who teach in an inclusion classroom in the United…

This study investigated the status of educational inclusion in resource-constrained, rural primary schools in Battambang Province, Cambodia using a mixed-method design. A Teacher Efficacy in Inclusive Practices (TEIP) scale was administered to sampled teachers and Headteachers. Classroom observations were undertaken in five schools. Interviews…

This article examines state religious school teachers' attitudes regarding the inclusion of students with special needs and factors affecting their perceptions. A representative sample of 579 teachers from primary, junior high and high schools filled in a questionnaire regarding attitudes toward inclusion and related factors such as professional…

Perspectives of administrators, educators, parents, and students concerning the educational experiences of students who are deaf or hard-of-hearing (DHH) were examined at two inclusive elementary/middle schools in Yerevan, Armenia. A qualitative study using a case study design was used. There were 33 participants including 15 educators, 6 parents,…

Several studies have investigated (pre-service) teachers' attitudes toward inclusion. However, most have focused on teachers' attitudes toward the inclusion of students with disabilities. The understanding of inclusive education has expanded to the provision of educational opportunities to all students, not only those with a disability. This study…

Finland is committed to inclusive education as many other countries too. In this study, we examined Finnish student teachers' attitudes towards inclusion using an electronic questionnaire. In total, 277 students participated. The open responses were studied as various teacher students', class, subject or special education students' narratives of…

Inclusive education is enshrined in law and supported by the literature as best practice in education. Inclusive education has been shown to provide better academic, social and behavioural outcomes for children with disabilities than segregated learning environments. In the Northern Territory, Australia, however, the dual system of mainstream and…

This case study examined the experiences of administrators and teachers across two elementary schools in California in seeking to create sustainable, inclusion models. Specifically, the project focused on administrators' and teachers' perceptions of inclusion and what they identified as those instructional practices, school-wide systems, and…