This qualitative phenomenological study utilized structured interviews with 23 preschool administrators to explore their beliefs about preschool inclusion and needed resources for providing high-quality preschool inclusion. Themes emerged regarding administrators' beliefs about inclusion, including divergent understandings of inclusion as…

Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the gap that exists between the federal mandate to educate children with disabilities or special needs in the least restrictive environment, and the practice of inclusion of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) into the general education classroom or interactions with general education…

Despite the importance of inclusion in education, studies that clearly define and operationalize the concept of early childhood inclusive education in South Korea remain scarce. In this study, we aimed to translate and validate a comprehensive measurement scale to assess Korean early childhood teachers' attitudes and perceptions regarding…

In this systematic scoping review, research on the inclusion of students with special education needs (SEN) in Nordic countries was reviewed to describe the scope and types of empirical research, identify the practices and approaches on the inclusion of students with SEN, and conceptually map how particular concepts (i.e., inclusion, SEN) are…

This paper explores social inclusion approaches implemented by ten secondary schools in Victoria, Australia, to support refugee students' well-being, as articulated in their policies, reports, and other published documents. Using an exploratory, qualitative research design, we found that all schools employed a holistic approach to implementing…

How could assessment inclusively consider the diversity of students? In higher education, the most common answer is: through individual assessment accommodations. Inclusive assessment design has also been promoted to foster accessibility for all students. However, both of these approaches have largely drawn on the procedural understanding of…

The pursuit of inclusion in elite universities has been widely explored from a structural lens concerned with issues of access faced by traditionally underrepresented students and staff. Building from a sociological institutionalist approach, this paper proposes the concept of 'agentic inclusion' to capture the growing valorisation of…

This study investigated the status of educational inclusion in resource-constrained, rural primary schools in Battambang Province, Cambodia using a mixed-method design. A Teacher Efficacy in Inclusive Practices (TEIP) scale was administered to sampled teachers and Headteachers. Classroom observations were undertaken in five schools. Interviews…

This article examines state religious school teachers' attitudes regarding the inclusion of students with special needs and factors affecting their perceptions. A representative sample of 579 teachers from primary, junior high and high schools filled in a questionnaire regarding attitudes toward inclusion and related factors such as professional…

Perspectives of administrators, educators, parents, and students concerning the educational experiences of students who are deaf or hard-of-hearing (DHH) were examined at two inclusive elementary/middle schools in Yerevan, Armenia. A qualitative study using a case study design was used. There were 33 participants including 15 educators, 6 parents,…

Several studies have investigated (pre-service) teachers' attitudes toward inclusion. However, most have focused on teachers' attitudes toward the inclusion of students with disabilities. The understanding of inclusive education has expanded to the provision of educational opportunities to all students, not only those with a disability. This study…

Finland is committed to inclusive education as many other countries too. In this study, we examined Finnish student teachers' attitudes towards inclusion using an electronic questionnaire. In total, 277 students participated. The open responses were studied as various teacher students', class, subject or special education students' narratives of…

This article examines the factors affecting the inclusion of migrant students and how they exercise agency in response to the challenges that impede their inclusion within the Ghanaian education system. We draw on agency and inclusion theories in the analysis of interviews and observation data from 68 migrant students across 30 schools. The…

The importance of early science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) learning opportunities for all young children has become increasingly documented by research and recommended practices. In addition, high quality inclusive settings where all children can access and benefit from learning activities continues to demonstrate optimal outcomes…

Inclusive education is enshrined in law and supported by the literature as best practice in education. Inclusive education has been shown to provide better academic, social and behavioural outcomes for children with disabilities than segregated learning environments. In the Northern Territory, Australia, however, the dual system of mainstream and…