Nowadays, smartphones are used by individuals of all ages for communication, messaging, online or offline gaming, social media browsing and information access. Smartphones, which are frequently used by students for any purpose, increase the level of smartphones dependency of the students and affect them negatively. The purpose of this study is to…

Observations of artistic activities' transformative influence in social sphere by social scientists have played an essential role in the rise of "participative art" works worldwide. Within the scope of the public relations practices performed by municipal administrations particularly in order to promote the cultural development of…

New journalism and mass communication curricula must prepare students to lead the media revolutions of the twenty-first century. Journalism, public relations, and advertising are being transformed by new media platforms and entrepreneurship, and these fields are now defined by rapid, radical change. Yet, the corresponding--and urgent--need to…

Career and technical education (CTE) is one of the most popular education policy issues today, both across the states and at the federal level. CTE's surging popularity has been bolstered by good public relations and research that push back on the stigma long associated with CTE. After a successful rebranding, CTE has substantially shed the…

Enrollments in journalism and mass communication programs in the United States in the fall of 2013 were down from a year earlier for the third year in a row. Enrollments dropped at the bachelor's, master's, and doctoral levels, and the number of freshmen and sophomores were down dramatically from a year earlier. Enrollments in the…

Corporate influence is a defining characteristic of mass media in the U.S. A typical introductory textbook devotes a number of chapters to the economic structure of the mass media including advertising, public relations, and corporate ownership, then also includes chapter sections on the economics of the various media (television, radio,…

Suffrage leader Alice Stone Blackwell wrote in 1914 that "the struggle has never been a fight of woman against man, but always of broad-minded men and women on the one side against narrow-minded men and women on the other." Carrie Chapman Catt agreed, writing that the enemy of suffrage was not men, but resistance to change. How many…

Reexamines the assumptions and conclusions of "The Velvet Ghetto" data and other gender-related research on public relations salaries, roles, and status, in an attempt to identify counter-arguments or attempts to change the issue with respect to gender. Suggests how to examine the counter-arguments qualitatively and quantitatively. (MS)

Reports a study that looked at (1) educational and employment differences among male/female students and alumni and (2) perceived sexism in the workplace. Found, among other results, that male alumni were twice as likely as females to report being extremely satisfied with their jobs, salaries, and chances for advancement. (PD)

This survey indicates that professional growth in public relations is related to the practitioner's gender and role (manager vs. technician): Women earn less than men and fill the technician's role with greater frequency than men. (PD)

A study examined gender and the practice of public relations in Canada, investigation whether there are gender differences in: (1) structural factors such as practitioner roles, salaries, and job satisfaction; (2) participation in management decision-making; and (3) methods of decision-making, particularly in the area of program evaluation. A…

This article examines data collected from an ethnographic research project conducted with 56 gang-associated Latino youths ages 15 to 21 from 2007 to 2009. The objectives of the study were to examine how poor Latino gang-associated youths perceived schooling and policing and to find out if the research process could promote educational aspirations…

Unequal treatment, unequal value and unequal power are three aspects of the gender balance argument in public relations. The few models describing how public relations is practiced do not distinguish the component parts on the basis of gender. Such models do not consider the men and women in the intra-institutional processes as processors of…

Surveys (by e-mail) people in charge of public-relations sequences in U.S. colleges and universities regarding what computer skills they consider most useful for their students. Notes the roles of program size and breadth, and gender and age of educators. Investigates computer-skills prerequisites, useful computer skills, computer skills…

Explores students' perceptions of gender issues in public relations. Finds that there were no statistically significant differences in male and female students' desires to perform managerial activities, but there were statistically significant differences in several areas (i.e. female students expect to earn less money starting out and to be…