ERIC Number: EJ998013
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2013-Jan
Pages: 10
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0951-0893
EISSN: N/A
Time Is of the Essence: Factors Encouraging Out-of-Class Study Time
Fukuda, Steve T.; Yoshida, Hiroshi
ELT Journal, v67 n1 p31-40 Jan 2013
Out-of-class study time is essential in students' language learning, but few studies in ELT measure out-of-class study time or investigate how teachers can encourage, rather than demand it. In Japan, out-of-class study time is lower than might be expected, ranging from zero to an hour per week. This study therefore sets out to establish those factors that can increase out-of-class study time without extrinsic motivators such as homework and testing. Results from self-reports and course evaluations suggest that (1) clear course aims, (2) strong student-teacher relationships, (3) non-threatening classroom environments, and (4) interactive classroom procedures boost out-of-class study time. Finally, we hope this study will become a catalyst for more in-depth discussion of how to facilitate more productive out-of-class study time, and ultimately students' attainment of higher proficiency in the target language.
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Foreign Countries, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Language Usage, Learning Motivation, Measurement Techniques, Student Attitudes, Homework, Testing, Classroom Techniques, Language Proficiency, Teacher Student Relationship, Study Habits, Classroom Environment, Language Teachers
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Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Identifiers - Location: Japan
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A