The first part of this paper on the developmental consequences of children's exposure to chronic violence provides background information on the problem of violence. Developmental consequences of exposure to domestic and community violence for children at various developmental levels are briefly outlined. Consequences for children include: (1) mis-socialization into the use of violence; (2) impaired learning ability; (3) feelings of guilt and worthlessness; (4) inability to see a hopeful future; (5) helplessness; and (6) regression to earlier developmental stages. Factors that might protect children from the consequences of violence include the child's temperament; supportive adults; and alternative experiences provided by schools, day care facilities, and after-school programs. The second part of the paper discusses ways to offset the negative effects of violence on children. Educational staff can provide a supportive relationship with children and can organize schedules that provide consistency in teaching and caretaking. Within the confines of such relationships and schedules, children should be offered many opportunities to express their emotions. These opportunities can come through play with toys, dramatic play, art activities, and storytelling. The effectiveness of direct work with children can be enhanced by communication with parents. (BC)