One in a series of booklets whose purpose is to stimulate greater and more effective understanding of world affairs among Americans, this five-chapter report explores Africa's attempts to lay the developmental foundations of a prosperous, modern economy shaped and molded to the cultural norms of the African people. Four central points addressed are: (1) poverty is the real problem; famine and drought are merely symptoms; (2) basic human needs must be met at the outset; (3) agriculture must return to the basics; and (4) aid must be directed to the rural poor. "Africa Today and Tomorrow" cites the trends of shifting living patterns. "When 'Milk Comes Frozen Home in Pail'" looks at drought and famine. "My Son Is My Father" explores the escalating population. "First, Food to Eat" examines development predictions and aid. "Human Capital Investment" looks at capital investment in human resources. The "Talking It Over" section offers questions for students and discussion groups. The report also includes three case histories, maps, charts, and suggested readings. (TRS)