Interviews were conducted with 28 kindergartners, their teachers, and their director to examine Japanese children's moral development. Qualitative analysis of interviews revealed three themes related to moral development: social system morality, emotions, and responsibility. Children made moral decisions based on social system morality encompassing laws, justice, duty, and social rules. Emotions such as empathy and anger influenced children's moral reactions to dilemmas. Eight children emphasized responsibility in moral judgments. (KB)