Objective: To evaluate whether including children with onset of symptoms between ages 7 and 12 years in the ADHD diagnostic category would: (a) increase the prevalence of the disorder at age 12, and (b) change the clinical and cognitive features, impairment profile, and risk factors for ADHD compared with findings in the literature based on the…

Background: Depression is often characterized as a disorder of affect regulation. However, research focused on delineating the key dimensions of affective experience (other than valence) that are abnormal in depressive disorder has been scarce, especially in child and adolescent samples. As definitions of affect regulation center around processes…

Types of hyperactivity were studied using data from the general population epidemiological study of 10- and 11-year-old children on the Isle of Wight followed up when 14-15 years old. The findings indicated different outcomes for various types of hyperactivity and the importance of identifying the type of hyperactivity. (Author/DB)

The essays in this collection are grounded in theoretical underpinnings which range from Freud to Montessori. The focus encompasses educational and psychiatric concerns. Essays are organized in 4 parts. Part 1, "Theory of Art Therapy," includes: (1) "Art Therapy: Problems of Definition" (Elinor Ulman); (2) "Therapy is Not Enough: The Contribution…

Discusses Laura Mulvey's 1975 essay, "Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema," and the ideas about feminist film theory and psychoanalysis as a critical tool which it raises. Suggests contradiction is the central issue in feminist film theory. Explores definitions of women's cinema. (SA)

The rendering of the concept of rationality is crucial to the understanding of the implications of including mental health as an educational goal. If there is a positive, universal definition of rationality, which can be applied to everyday situations, then the teaching of rationality and thereby the improvement of mental health should be…

Reviews literature, including a definition of child maltreatment, characteristics of maltreated children, rating of incidence, and approaches to understanding child maltreatment. Suggests several strategies for treatment and intervention, with special attention given to one model program which provides treatment for entire families. (Author/RC)

Critically reviews empirical literature relevant to each component of training process in psychotherapy, including selection of candidates, personal therapy, didactic course work, and supervised experience. Emphasizes problem of establishing research criterion of therapist competence as necessary step toward investigating training. Reviews recent…

Compares scientific explanations of addiction of the 1920s and 1930s to today's. Details the history of addiction testing and research, the development of criteria for defining addiction, and both physiological and psychological definitions of addiction. Suggests that the changing status of addiction as a disease reflects different meanings…

Discusses truancy in terms of its definition, frequency of occurrence, causation, and management. Concludes that with further evaluative studies it will be possible to predict how legal, casework, medical, and psychological procedures can be effectively used to manage unjustified absence from school. (RH)

Publishing my paper on Asperger's syndrome in 1981, and suggesting that it is part of the autistic spectrum, has had various consequences. These include the growth of interest in the syndrome among the general public as well as professionals. Controversy over definitions of subgroups and prevalence of autistic spectrum disorders has increased.…

Background: Activity level is an important component of children's temperament, as well as being part of the core symptom domain of hyperactivity-impulsivity within attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Yet it is poorly understood, due partly to limitations on parent and teacher ratings, which are typically used as measurements of these…

Assesses the suitability of existing measures of emotional and behavioral disorders among children for use in general populations. Focuses on the definition of emotional and behavioral disorder, measurement approaches, and guidelines for choosing which disorders to study. Seven measurement instruments are evaluated using the folowing criteria:…

The first problem confusing results of reading research is one of definition, with all its attendant questions of generalization and replication. The second problem is one of inference and has at its heart a fundamental disjunction between the statistical model which most studies have assumed and the model which may in fact describe the underlying…

This literature review discusses enuresis from various etiological formulations: pyschoanalytic and psychodynamic; medical and physiological; and behavioral. Both historical and current perspectives on a definition of enuresis are offered. Treatment methodologies are reviewed. An emphasis is placed on the ruling out of medical causes before any…