Objective: The 28-item Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) has been translated into at least 10 different languages. The validity of translated versions of the CTQ-SF, however, has generally not been examined. The objective of this study was to investigate the factor structure, internal consistency reliability, and known-groups validity of the Dutch CTQ-SF. Methods: A total of 261 patients receiving mental health treatment and 227 non-clinical controls were administered the Dutch CTQ-SF. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was done with Mplus for ordinal data to test the 5-factor structure of the CTQ-SF. Cronbach's alpha was computed, and known-groups validity was assessed by comparing CFA latent factor levels between clinical and non-clinical respondents. Results: The 5-factor model fit well, although one item (I believe I was molested) was removed due to high levels of missing data and because it loaded on the Physical Abuse factor rather than the intended Sexual Abuse factor. Cronbach's alpha was 0.91 for Physical Abuse, 0.89 for Emotional Abuse, 0.95 for Sexual Abuse, 0.63 for Physical Neglect, and 0.91 for Emotional Neglect. Latent factor levels were more than one standard deviation higher (p less than 0.001) for patients receiving mental health treatment than controls for all CTQ-SF five scales. Conclusions: The findings from this study provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the 24-item Dutch CTQ-SF, but showed that one item translated from the 25-item English CTQ-SF, I believe I was molested, was not a valid indicator of childhood sexual abuse in the Dutch version and should not be used. Practice Implications: Researchers and clinicians should use the 24-item version of the Dutch CTQ-SF. (Contains 2 tables.)