Belize is a developing country located in Central America along the Caribbean Coast. A common social understanding in Belize is that each individual is entitled to an equitable and moral education; therefore it is interesting to examine how special education policies and practices in this country have developed over time, particularly in the education of struggling learners. This manuscript offers an overview of the history of special education in Belize. Critical factors that have shaped educational practices are discussed and questions influencing future practices and research in the country are posed. While this historical overview focuses attention on the education system and dynamics of the small country of Belize, it also offers insights that reinforce the need for immediate research and evaluation of critical special education issues to improve future practice for all Belizean individuals with special needs. (Contains 2 tables.)