Decisions related to the implementation of audio in e-learning are perplexing for many instructional designers, and deciphering theory and principles related to audio use can be difficult for practitioners. Yet, as bandwidth on the Internet increases, digital audio is becoming more common in online courses. This article provides a review of relevant literature and the results of a survey conducted with instructional designers to determine what, why, when, and how they implemented audio in their e-learning courseware. (Contains 8 tables.)