The development and adoption of new technologies make for changes in social organization and values by creating new possibilities for human action and thus altering the mix of options available to men. Because it alters the conditions of choice, new technology has a high probability of changing individual and social values: adopting new means to better accomplish old ends very often results in the substitution of new ends for old ones. There is only a "soft" determinism in the technology-society relationship, hence different societies can react differently to the same new possibilities. Our own age is characterized by a deliberate fostering of technological change and by the growing social role of knowledge. A fundamental implication of a world of flux (a "Heraclitean world") is the greater theoretical utility of concepts of process over those of structure, in sociological and cultural analysis. This shift in philosophical emphasis will alter conventional thinking regarding personal identity and social stability in the future. Education, and the interdependence between industry, government and the university will predominate. (BB)