ERIC Number: EJ1056485
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2014-May
Pages: 13
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0278-7393
EISSN: N/A
Attentional Control and Asymmetric Associative Priming
Hutchison, Keith A.; Heap, Shelly J.; Neely, James H.; Thomas, Matthew A.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, v40 n3 p844-856 May 2014
Participants completed a battery of 3 attentional control (AC) tasks (OSPAN, antisaccade, and Stroop, as in Hutchison, 2007) and performed a lexical decision task with symmetrically associated (e.g., "sister-brother") and asymmetrically related primes and targets presented in both the forward (e.g., "atom-bomb") and backward (e.g., "fire-blaze") directions at either a 250- or 1,250-ms stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA). As predicted, high-AC individuals showed greater forward priming than low-AC individuals. There was also some evidence that low-AC individuals exhibited greater backward priming than high-AC individuals, and this difference was most pronounced in the later portions of the reaction time distribution. These results suggest that high-AC individuals are more likely to prospectively generate and maintain expected targets in working memory, whereas low-AC individuals are more likely to rely on a retrospective semantic matching or integration processes. These findings support the distinction between proactive and reactive forms of cognitive control embodied in Braver, Gray, and Burgess's (2007) dual-mechanism model of cognitive control.
Descriptors: Attention Control, Priming, Experimental Psychology, Associative Learning, Cognitive Processes, Semantics, College Students, Word Lists, Visual Stimuli, Scores, Factor Analysis, Memory, Recall (Psychology)
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Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education; Postsecondary Education
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Identifiers - Location: Montana; New York
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A