This study examines the guidance role of the instructor in the teaching and learning process. The paper x-rays the need for the learners to be consciously guided by their teachers as this facilitates and complements the learning process. Gagne's theory of conditions of learning, phases of learning and model for design of instruction was adopted to explain the guidance role of the instructor in the learning process. The paper recommends that the teacher should not only have knowledge of the subject matter but should also guide and direct the learning process through application of appropriate learning theories.