Cultural awareness enlarges the world view of traditional counseling methodologies that teach that the dominant society's values are the healthy norms to use in assessing and assisting ethnic groups. A dominant society counselor or therapist can be more effective in helping members of other groups by utilizing self-awareness and developing a degree of understanding of and respect for the client's cultural environment and perceptual framework. Values and beliefs of various native groups are different, just as a sharp distinction within the dominant culture exists between urban and rural lifestyles and values. Understanding the major Pan-Indian values in relationship to equivalent contemporary dominant values will enable the counselor to delineate potential problem areas within the framework of a culture clash. Indian values that vary from the values of the dominant culture are: (1) harmony and balance in self-perception and unity of mind-body-thinking-feeling-spiritual beliefs; (2) harmony and balance in perception of the world, belongingness with nature; (3) present orientation, working for present needs; (4) cooperation; (5) sharing; (6) respect for age; (7) stoicism, outer control; (8) humility, humor at self; and (9) clearly defined sex roles. This paper provides detailed advice on counseling Native Americans based on the author's personal experience in cross-cultural therapy. (ALL)