The purpose of this study was to investigate selected student and teacher variables and compare the differences between these variables for female students and female teachers in coeducation and single-sex physical education classes. Eighteen female teachers and intact classes were selected; 9 teachers from coeducation and 9 teachers from single-sex physical education classes. Each teacher was video-and audiotaped during the instructional portion of a lesson. Female students were videotaped during the instructional portion of the lesson. Two questionnaires were administered to the female students. Two of the five student variables were found significant at the 0.05 level in favor of female students in single-sex physical education classes. Moreover, three of the four teacher variables were found significant at the 0.05 level in favor of teachers in single-sex physical education classes. (Contains 2 tables.)