This article presents the research conducted by the authors in an Inupiat Eskimo village on the Alaska North Slope and describes the research in two substantive parts. In the first section, the authors present what subsistence hunters and fishers observed concerning changes to seas, lands, and inland lakes and rivers. Then, they mention changes of weather and climate, such as precipitation, wind, temperature, and air quality and describe what hunters and fishers had to say regarding the condition of the species they pursued and the observation of any new (or absent) species. Second, they discuss the factors that respondents mentioned as likely to have brought about or influenced the changes they noticed. Four factors were emphasized most often: oil and gas exploration and development activities, climate change, toxic contamination, and natural cycles. In this part of the article the authors also discuss how village residents have responded to observed changes, both individually and through agencies, organizations, and institutions in the village and region. They conclude with a summary and commentary on the value of cultural perceptions explaining the community impact of environmental changes. (Contains 59 notes.)