Thanks to film, graphic artists can now create over time as well as in space. An essay discusses the influence of cinema on still paintings (e.g., Duchamp's "Nude Descending a Staircase" and the increasing combination of animation and live action in films. New techniques that are available in animation and in special visual effects are explained, and worldwide developments in film animation are surveyed. Possibilities for future developments, from television commercials for example, are suggested. Much of the book is comprised of stills from recent animated films, many with comments from their animators about the purpose of the film or the technique used. (JK)