Background: Sexual minority adolescents appear to be at increased risk for internalizing disorders relative to their heterosexual peers, but there is a paucity of research explaining this elevated risk. Emotion regulation deficits are increasingly understood as important predictors of internalizing psychopathology among general samples of…

This study sought to provide a more rigorous prospective test of two cognitive vulnerability models of depression with longitudinal data from 496 adolescent girls. Results supported the cognitive vulnerability model in that stressors predicted future increases in depressive symptoms and onset of clinically significant major depression for…

Argues that the higher incidence of depression among adolescent females is due to the interaction of two factors: (1) girls enter early adolescence with a style of responding to frustration and distress that is less efficacious and action oriented than boys; and (2) girls begin to face certain uncontrollable stressors in early adolescence to a…

The prevalence of most adult psychiatric disorders varies across racial/ethnic groups and has important implications for prevention and intervention efforts. Research on racial/ethnic differences in the prevalence of internalizing and externalizing symptoms and disorders in adolescents has been less consistent or generally lacking. The current…

This study examined the psychosocial consequences of experiencing major depressive disorder (MDD). In a 7-year longitudinal study of 496 female adolescents, the authors identified 49 girls who experienced their first episode of MDD and then recovered. They were compared with a randomly selected group of 98 never depressed participants on 13…

Assessed helplessness behaviors in five- to seven-year-old children of mothers with and without depression. Found that, although mothers with depression set a more negative affective tone than mothers without depression during mother-child puzzle tasks, there were few significant differences between the two groups of mothers and children. (MDM)

Two studies tested the influence of various types of verbal evaluative feedback on men's and women's self-evaluations of their performance in achievement situations. Results indicate that women's self-evaluations were influenced by both positive and negative evaluative statements, and men were more influenced by positive than negative feedback.…

Demonstrated that therapeutic empathy had moderate-to-large causal effect on recovery from depression among 185 patients treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy. Homework compliance had separate effect on clinical recovery, over and above effect of therapeutic empathy. Patients of novice therapists improved significantly less than did patients…

Two studies involving 151 male and 103 female college students tested the hypothesis that women are more likely than men to focus on themselves and their moods when in a depressed mood, leading to longer periods of depressed mood. Results support the hypothesis. (SLD)

Depression is nearly twice as prevalent in women as men. Reviews research suggesting that child sexual abuse, also more common for women than for men, can account for a significant portion of the differences in depression rates for men and women and discusses how such abuse affects men and women differently. (CJS)

Factor analysis of Self-Help Inventory from 307 outpatients receiving cognitive-behavioral therapy for affective disorders revealed 3 factors that assessed frequency of active coping strategies use when depressed, helpfulness of strategies, and willingness to learn new strategies. Frequency and Helpfulness scales were not correlated with patient…