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Peer reviewedHamann, Donald L.; And Others – Journal of Research in Music Education, 1990
Examines influence of classroom environments, measured by the Classroom Environment Scale, Form R (CESR), on vocal and instrumental ensembles' musical achievement at festival contests. Using random sample, reveals subjects with higher scores on CESR scales of involvement, affiliation, teacher support, and organization received better contest…
Descriptors: Applied Music, Classroom Environment, Classroom Research, Classroom Techniques
Peer reviewedShort, Paula M.; Spencer, William A. – Journal of Research and Development in Education, 1990
This study attempts to determine whether teacher perceptions of the quality of principal instructional leadership relate to differences in student perceptions of the classroom environmental variables associated with effective teaching and classrooms. Results support a relationship between principal instructional leadership and certain classroom…
Descriptors: Classroom Environment, Correlation, Instructional Leadership, Principals
