This paper explores a general approach to paraphrase generation using a pre-trained seq2seq model fine-tuned using a back-translated anatomy and physiology textbook. Human ratings indicate that the paraphrase model generally preserved meaning and grammaticality/fluency: 70% of meaning ratings were above 75, and 40% of paraphrases were considered…

A constructivist approach to language learning can motivate students by activating their brains to create new knowledge and reflect more consistently and deeply on their language learning experience. The present study focused on assessing the use of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) speakers Google Home Mini and Amazon Alexa as part of a Blended…

This study focuses on the use of emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) smart speakers and smartphone applications for improving the English language skills of L1 Japanese undergraduates. An empirical investigation was carried out with 82 Japanese students. Participants were required to study a variety of online English…

The research aims to investigate the relationship between cultural intelligence and language learning motivation. It looked at the effects of personal features and language use of participants on their cultural intelligence and language learning motivation. It was a quantitative study and carried out at a state university in Turkey. The study…

This paper investigates how the peer agent's learning competency affects English learners' reading, engagement, system self-efficacy, and attitudes toward the peer agent in a trialogue-based intelligent tutoring system (ITS). Participants learned a summarizing reading strategy in the compare-contrast text structure in the ITS. Results detected the…

This study investigates the effectiveness of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) speaker as a device used for interactions in a foreign language (L2), and a tracking eye installed on the speaker to reduce L2 anxiety. L2 anxiety is an urgent issue since the anxiety derived from a fear of being judged, being negatively evaluated, or being rejected by…

Indonesian faculty members and postgraduate students are encouraged to publish their research results in reputable international journals such as those published in English. This is to boost the participation as well as prestige of Indonesian scholars in the eyes of international scholars. However, the majority of scholars in Social Sciences and…

Mobile COLT is a portable platform for analysis of activities in the second language classroom, and is based on the well-known Communicative Orientation of Language Teaching (COLT) scheme (Spada & Fröhlich, 1995). It has been developed to facilitate real-time class analysis using a Windows tablet. This paper first describes the COLT analysis…

Internationalization has become a substantial part of higher education worldwide, especially in the U.S. Moreover, Chinese students make up the largest portion of the U.S.'s international higher education students. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a disruption in higher education, especially posing considerable challenges to international…

Language learners are underserved if there are unlearned meanings of a word that they think they have already learned. For example, "circle" as a noun is well known, whereas its use as a verb is not. For artificial-intelligence-based support systems for learning vocabulary, assessing each learner's knowledge of such atypical but common…

In recent years, the development of mobile technology and devices makes Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Augmented Reality (AR) available tools in classroom teaching and learning. AI and AR are used to improve the learning effect as well as motivate the students' learning enthusiasm. In English as a second language (ESL) learning, several previous…

The main objective of this study was to identify ways to incorporate voice-driven Artificial Intelligence (AI) effectively in classroom language learning. This nine month teacher-led design research study employed technology probes (Amazon's Alexa, Apple's Siri, Google voice search) and co-design methods with a class of primary age English as a…

Email has become the most preferred form of business communication. Writing "good" email has become an essential skill required in the industry. "Good" email writing not only facilitates clear communication, but also makes a positive impression on the recipient, whether it be one's colleague or a customer. The aim of this paper…

Globalisation amplifies the need to improve Intercultural Communicative Competences (ICC). However, telecollaborative cross-cultural communication may be affected by different factors such as morals, values, and differences in viewpoints, as observed in numerous European and North American projects. Still, there is a dearth of experiments from the…

The aim of this research project was to examine the impact of chatbots as conversation partners. First and second year Japanese university students (n=120) from a private university in Southwest Japan were randomly assigned to either conduct a speaking task with an Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbot or human partner. Preliminary analysis of the…