Male and female infants from rural Ethiopia were tested to investigate relations among hemoglobin (Hb), anthropometry, and attention. A longitudinal design was used to examine differences in attention performance from 6 (M = 24.9 weeks, n = 89) to 9 months of age (M = 40.6 weeks, n = 85), differences hypothesized to be related to changes in iron status and growth delays. Stunting (length-for-age z scores less than -2.0) and attention performance, t(30) = -2.42, p = 0.022, worsened over time. Growth and Hb predicted attention at 9 months, R[superscript 2] = 0.15, p less than 0.05, but not at 6. The study contributes to the knowledge base concerning the relations among Hb, early growth, and attention.