Although depression is prevalent among university students, limited and dated research has examined the efficacy of behavioral interventions in treating this population (C. Lee, 2005). On the basis of a modified version of the Behavioral Activation Treatment for Depression (BATD; D. R. Hopko & C. W. Lejuez, 2007; C. W. Lejuez, D. R. Hopko, & S. D. Hopko, 2001) that involved a structured single-session intervention and 2-week treatment interval, the authors conducted a randomized controlled trial comparing individualized BATD and a no-treatment control for university students with moderate depression symptoms (N = 30). Outcome measures assessed depression, environmental reward, social support, and somatic anxiety. Relative to the control group, repeated measures analyses of variance and reliable change indices indicated that the BATD group had significantly greater reductions in depression and increased environmental reward at post-treatment that were associated with strong effect sizes. A statistical trend suggested that BATD also may show promise toward increasing social support. Given current conditions in many academic institutions that include high demand for mental health services, limited personnel, and time restrictions, brief and parsimonious interventions like BATD may represent a viable treatment option. Study limitations and future directions are discussed. (Contains 2 tables and 3 footnotes.)