Fourth in a series of studies on the American family conducted for General Mills Corporation, this publication provides findings from a survey exploring the relationship between work and the family in contemporary society. Specifically, the survey explores how changes in the work force, especially the increase in numbers of working wives and mothers, influence the outlook and activities of families. Conversely, the survey looks at how changes in the family structure shape the needs and expectations of today's workers. The survey is based on telephone interviews, conducted between November and December, 1980, with six different groups: 1503 adults (ages 18 and over) from a national cross-section of American families; 235 teenagers (ages 13-18); 104 human resource executives from the Fortune 1300 companies; 56 labor leaders; 49 family traditionalists (active in the "pro-family" movement); and 52 feminists (active in key women's rights organizations). Results are discussed in terms of the following topics: the benefits and strains of work on family life; the effect of working on child care; setting priorities about family and careers; balancing the demands of work and family; the job of home-making and how it compares with other work; benefits and work policies perceived to be helpful to the family; and the attitudes of teenagers toward work and the family. Demographic profiles of the national cross-section of the adult family members, as well as a detailed description of the study methodology are appended. (Author/MP)