The study determined if a significant difference was demonstrated between American Indians and Caucasians on visual perception and recall tasks associated with cognitive function. It was hypothesized that a significant difference existed between scores obtained by Indian children enrolled in reservation schools and that of Caucasian children enrolled in public schools of adjacent non-reservation urban communities, and between children from the different Indian tribes in scores obtained using the Visual Recall Ability Indicator. Any demonstrated difference was related to the learning styles of Indian children as they applied to implications for education of culturally different Indian children attending Indian schools. Utilizing the Visual Recall Ability Indicator, data were collected from 3,344 Indian students (ages 8-16) drawn from 18 reservation schools of the Navajo, Hopi, and Jicarilla Apache tribes, and from 797 Caucasian students drawn from 9 schools in the urban communities adjacent to the reservations (Farmington and Grants, New Mexico and Page, Arizona). Among the findings were that Indian boys and girls surpassed Caucasian boys and girls, and the Hopi students exceeded the performance of the Navajos and Apaches at the .05 level of confidence. The practical significance of the results was that the Indian sample population differs significantly from the Caucasian sample population in the basic cognitive strengths each population brings to formal schooling even though there may be differences in performance levels among the tribal groups tested. (Author/NQ)