THE SPANISH AMERICANS IN NEW MEXICO ARE UNDERGOING GREAT SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CHANGE. THEIR VILLAGE CULTURE, FORMED IN ISOLATION NEAR IRRIGATED LAND WHICH HAD REMAINED REMARKABLY STABLE FOR SEVERAL HUNDRED YEARS, IS BREAKING DOWN. THE SPANISH AMERICANS ARE LEAVING THEIR VILLAGES AND MIGRATING TO INDUSTRIAL CENTERS. FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THIS…

THE SPANISH AMERICANS OF NORTHERN NEW MEXICO HAVE CONSTITUTED ONE OF THE UNRECOGNIZED DISADVANTAGED GROUPS. PER CAPITA INCOME IS LOW AND THE RATES OF UNEMPLOYMENT AND WELFARE ARE HIGH. THE CAUSES OF THE PRESENT SITUATION ARE--(1) LOSS OF LAND, (2) CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DISCRIMINATORY ATTITUDES, (3) NON-PROVISION OF ADEQUATE PROGRAMS TO…

THE MEXICAN AMERICAN POPULATION IN NORTHERN NEW MEXICO ORIGINALLY HAD LAND GRANTS FROM THE SPANISH CROWN. LACK OF UNDERSTANDING OR ACCEPTANCE OF THE AMERICAN SYSTEM OF INDIVIDUAL OWNERSHIP HAS CAUSED THE MEXICAN AMERICAN TO LOSE MUCH OF THE ORIGINAL GRANT LANDS. THE MEXICAN AMERICAN SOCIAL ORGANIZATION, ORIGINALLY STRUCTURED UPON THE FARM VILLAGE,…

THE PATRON-PEON SYSTEM WAS ONE OF THE FIRST SPANISH AMERICAN SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS TO SUCCUMB TO INFLUENCES OF THE DOMINANT ENGLISH-SPEAKING SOCIETY. THE PATRON IS DEFINED AS A PERSON WHO IS ABLE TO PROVIDE EMPLOYMENT, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY, AND LEADERSHIP TO THOSE WHO MUST WORK FOR A LIVING. THE LARGE LANDHOLDER PATRON SUPPLIED A PROTECTED,…

NORTHERN NEW MEXICO IS DEFINED TO INCLUDE THOSE NORTHERN COUNTIES DOMINATED BY RURAL, SPANISH-AMERICAN CULTURE, GEOGRAPHIC FEATURES AND HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS ARE DESCRIBED. THE STUDY PRESENTS DATA ON PRESENT ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS, OBSERVATIONS AS TO CAUSES OF THESE CONDITIONS, INCLUDING REASONS FOR UNSUCCESSFUL GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE…

DATA FOR THIS PAPER WERE OBTAINED FROM EXAMINATION OF AVAILABLE LITERATURE AND FROM FIELD WORK IN SAN MIGUEL AND MORA COUNTIES OF NORTHERN NEW MEXICO. THE EXTENDED PATRIARCHAL FAMILY WAS THE PRIMARY SOCIAL SYSTEM AMONG THE SPANISH AMERICANS, OFTEN CONSISTING OF MEMBERS OF THREE OR FOUR GENERATIONS HEADED BY THE GRANDFATHER. THIS FAMILY COOPERATED…

IN THIS SPEECH TO THE TEACHERS OF LAS VEGAS, NEW MEXICO, THE AUTHOR REFERS TO THE RICH SPANISH, MEXICAN, AND INDIAN CULTURES AVAILABLE FOR SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY IN NORTHERN NEW MEXICO AND SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES. HE BELIEVES THE PLIGHT OF THE INDIANS AND THE SPANISH AMERICAN PEOPLE IS DUE TO DEPRIVATION FROM POLITICAL OFFICE, SOCIOLOGICAL…

DATA FOR THIS PAPER, PRESENTED AT THE TWENTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE SOUTHERN SOCIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AT ASHEVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA ON APRIL 17, 1964, WERE DERIVED FROM THE AUTHOR'S RESEARCH ACTIVITIES AMONG THE SPANISH SPEAKING PEOPLE OF NORTHERN NEW MEXICO AND FROM HIS PARTICIPATION IN COUNTY AND REGIONAL PLANNING ORGANIZATIONS. THE…

THE AUTHOR DISCUSSES THE PROBLEMS RATHER THAN THE ASSETS ASSOCIATED WITH BILINGUALISM IN NEW MEXICO AND TEXAS SCHOOLS. HE STATES THAT MANY SPANISH-SPEAKING STUDENTS DO NOT LEARN BECAUSE THE SCHOOLS ARE BIASED AGAINST THEM IN THE FOLLOWING WAYS--(1) THE LOW TAXING ABILITY OF THE COMMUNITY PROVIDES ONLY FOR ILL-STAFFED AND ILL-EQUIPPED SCHOOLS, (2)…