Findings and recommendations regarding the regulation and provision of child day care in Virginia are reported. Most of the data in the report are based on recent Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission surveys of parents, child care providers, regulatory personnel, and child care programs in other states. In general, child day care in Virginia is regulated by the State's Department of Social Services through the licensing of child care centers and family day care homes. However, only about 3% of all providers are licensed, and there is no clear, comprehensive goal governing regulation. Consequently, regulation has been applied narrowly and inconsistently. To ensure the protection of children in care, child day care arrangements should be regulated by the state in a fair, consistent manner. This report presents several options which would provide for more comprehensive, equitable regulation of child day care providers. The Commonwealth has undertaken a number of program initiatives designed to improve availability and promote high quality for child day care. Other initiatives that would promote availability, affordability, and high quality in child day care are presented; these include: allowing schools to provide before- and after-school care, expanding resource and referral services, and increasing provider training and parent education. Cost of regulation estimates and other related materials are appended. (RH)