Revision of a paper presented at the Conference on Bilingual Education in Toronto, Canada, on March 13, 1971, at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education. (DS)

The United States experience with bilingual schools falls into two periods: from 1840-1920 and from 1963 to the present. Bilingual schooling may be said to have originated in Cincinnati in 1840, where a large minority of the population was German-speaking. During this first period, perhaps a million American children received a part of their…

Educators are presently engaged in testing the hypothesis that under favorable conditions bilingual schooling will improve the education of both bilinguals and monolingual English-speaking children and at the same time contribute to a healthier society. These prerequisite favorable conditions are: a socio-economic-cultural survey of the community…

Part 1 of this paper considers conventional bilingual-bicultural programs, observing that there is still much need for improvement. According to the author, successful programs require adequate societal information; a clear understanding between school, home, and community; a satisfactory statement of basic program philosophy, rationale, goals,…

Bilingual/bicultural education can tap the learning potential of preschool children by extending the school into the home and involving parents, grandparents and siblings. Schools can provide bilingual television programs, educational toys, books and trained supervisors. (CHK)

Examines the preparation of one foreign language teacher and compares this preparation with some of the basic principles of bilingual education. It is argued that foreign language teachers would be better teachers if they had the same background and preparation as bilingual teachers. (CFM)

Speech delivered at the Annual Meeting of the South Central Modern Language Association on October 30, 1970 in Memphis, Tennessee. (DS)

This two-volume monograph on bilingualism, a "major, virtually untapped national resource," is based on three extensive field trips to current bilingual programs: (1) in the Northwest as far north as Barrow, Alaska; (2) the Southwest and Hawaii; and (3) from Dade County, Florida, north through Washington, New York, New England, and into Canada. In…

This paper reports on a study of bilingual education (schooling using both English and Spanish as media of instruction) by staff from the University of Texas and 30 bilingual elementary-school teachers from 13 Texas school systems. There was wide agreement on basic principles of bilingual education: that every child should be educated to his full…

Essentially an antipoverty measure, the Bilingual Education Act, which is supporting 76 bilingual programs in public elementary schools, comes far from meeting the needs of any significant proportion of the disadvantaged children whose language is other than English. One of the various federal and regional organizations striving to ameliorate…

So far bilingual education has had only the most modest success in providing for children of limited English-speaking ability (LESAS) an educational opportunity equal to that of English-speaking children. In fact, to aim only at equality is self-defeating because it is impossible for a LESA child with a five-to-six year handicap ever to catch up…

This paper proposes an educational study to determine the best way to educate Mexican American children. It suggests an experiment comparing the traditional approach, the English as a second language approach, and a bilingual-affective approach as described by the authors. The detail of the proposed program are presented, and the three language…

Cites recent investigation of the acquisition of bilingualism in young children containing further evidence that they learn two languages in the same way that the monolingual child learns one. Also cites studies showing that the young child's impressive language-learning abilities function in the acquisition of reading. (BR)

Presidential address presented at the 55th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Teachers of Spanish and Portuguese, Mexico City, Mexico, August 10, 1973. (SK)